The current Fedora version is 33, and it was released October 27, 2020. Fedoraįedora is the upstream development branch of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), which means it tests and proves the viability of software features that may eventually make their way into RHEL. These VMs were bridged to a physical dual-protocol (IPv4 and IPv6) lab network with dual-protocol Internet access. We downloaded ISO images from the authoritative websites, then created virtual machines using VMware Workstation 16 Pro running on Intel NUC ( NUC10i7FNH) mini computers. In this article we review CentOS Stream 8, Debian 10.7, Fedora 33, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 8, and Ubuntu 20.04. We selected five Linux server distributions based on popularity, longevity, supportability, open-source contribution, and industry momentum. You may prefer Linux distributions that could be used as a desktop workstation or a data center server. (Updated information on Linux versions in use can be found here.) If you chose an obscure community-driven OS and the community disbands, you’ll face support challenges. Also support will likely be better because with more users, the higher the probability that others may have encountered and documented solutions to issues you might encounter.Ĭhoose an OS with some guarantee of longevity. It’s advisable to choose distribution that is popular enough to get timely updates from its community or a vendor. Of the Linux OSes that W3Techs can observe in use on the internet, Ubuntu is used most frequently, then CentOS and Debian, but there are many Linux versions W3Techs cannot identify using the information it gathers. W3Techs estimates that 72% of all websites use some type of Unix operating system (39% using Linux). One way to choose a Linux distro is to use what all the other cool kids are using. It can be daunting to try to determine which Linux distribution you should run (see this diagram of Linux variations). Some users need live support to ensure the uptime of servers running business-critical applications others may have personal uses that call for writing code themselves and contributing to the open-source community. Different Linux distributions have different support and license models. However, GNOME is available on most Linux distributions and comes enabled by default.Įven though Linux is open-source, the licensing model allows for commercial organizations to provide technical support. Even if a Linux distro comes with a default windows manager like GNOME, KDE, Xfce, LXDE, you can find an installation or distribution that comes with the preferred graphical environment and customize it to your liking. Linux fans often have their favorite window manager and desktop environment, and they can be quite passionate and opinionated about what they prefer. Different Linux distros come with a variety of software included and have a wide array of open-source apps that can be added. Loading software onto the Linux system can use RPM, APT, yum, DNF, dpkg, Flatpak, or a number of others. The software-package manager is one of the most distinguishing differences among Linux distributions. Linux OSes can use different default filesystem types, with ext4 and xfs being common among popular Linux distros. It’s imperative to choose a distro that your hardware supports. Linux distributions may support different computer hardware architectures, although x86-64-bit, and Arm are popular. There are several important differentiating characteristics among Linux distributions. When it comes to networking, most Linux OSs use NetworkManager, support DHCP for IPv4 and DHCPv6, SLAAC with RDNSS/DNSSL, and natively support IPv6. Administrators use the systemctl command to control how it is configured and start, restart, enable, disable, reload, or check the status of services running on the operating system. Most Linux systems use systemd as their init system, process management, and system manager. The Linux community has also standardized on LibreOffice as the productivity suite, which often comes installed by default. All Linux versions have similar commands to add and remove users, move files around, and interact with external devices with device drivers. They also include many familiar commands like find, grep, tail, more, cat, and ps. They all use standard Linux commands like cd, ls, rm, and cp to navigate the directory structure. All Linux distributions use the Linux kernel and benefit from updates that are made to the operating system core software and processes.
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